Neal's Yard Remedies Frankincense Intense™ Age-Defying Serum

ACACIA SENEGAL GUM, derived from the sap of the Acacia tree, is primarily used in cosmetics for its film-forming properties. It creates a protective layer on the skin or hair, which can help to enhance texture and provide a smooth finish. Additionally, it can function as a fragrance component, contributing to the overall sensory experience of a product. Formulators may choose to include ACACIA SENEGAL GUM in formulations to improve product stability and performance while also adding a pleasant scent.

GLYCERIN is a versatile ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for its multiple functions. It acts as a humectant, which means it helps to attract moisture to the skin and hair, making it beneficial for maintaining hydration. Additionally, it serves as a skin-conditioning agent, enhancing the overall feel and appearance of the skin. As a denaturant, it can modify the properties of other ingredients, while its role as a solvent allows for the effective dissolution of other components in a formulation. Furthermore, GLYCERIN contributes to viscosity control, helping to achieve the desired thickness of a product. Its use in oral care products highlights its broad applicability across different cosmetic categories. Formulators may add GLYCERIN to improve the texture, stability, and moisturizing properties of their formulations.

ZEA MAYS STARCH has the recorded function labels of abrasive, absorbent, anticaking, skin-protecting, and viscosity-controlling. These recorded roles explain why a formulator may include it in a cosmetic formula.

ADANSONIA DIGITATA SEED OIL is primarily used as a skin-conditioning emollient and hair-conditioning agent in cosmetic formulations. Its skin-conditioning emollient function helps to improve the skin's moisture retention and overall texture, making it feel softer and smoother. Additionally, its hair-conditioning properties can enhance the manageability and appearance of hair, contributing to a healthier look. Formulators may add this ingredient to provide these beneficial effects, enhancing the overall performance and sensory experience of the product.

ARGANIA SPINOSA KERNEL OIL is primarily recognized for its functions as a skin-conditioning emollient and skin-conditioning agent. As a skin-conditioning emollient, it helps to soften and smooth the skin, enhancing its overall texture and appearance. This function is beneficial in cosmetic formulations as it can contribute to a more pleasant sensory experience and improve the skin's moisture retention. Additionally, its role as a skin-conditioning agent supports the maintenance of skin health, making it a valuable ingredient for formulators aiming to create products that promote skin comfort and hydration.

MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA SEED OIL is a natural oil derived from the seeds of the macadamia tree. It is primarily used in cosmetics as a skin-conditioning emollient, which means it helps to soften and smooth the skin by forming a protective barrier that locks in moisture. This oil is rich in fatty acids, particularly oleic and palmitoleic acids, which contribute to its moisturizing properties and enhance skin hydration. Formulators may add this ingredient to products to improve the texture and feel of formulations, providing a luxurious and nourishing experience for the skin.

VITIS VINIFERA SEED OIL, commonly known as grape seed oil, is derived from the seeds of grapes and is widely used in cosmetic formulations for its skin-conditioning properties. It functions as an emollient, helping to soften and smooth the skin by forming a barrier that locks in moisture. This oil is rich in essential fatty acids and antioxidants, which can contribute to the overall health and appearance of the skin.

SODIUM STEAROYL GLUTAMATE is a surfactant and emulsifier commonly used in cosmetic formulations. It functions by helping to cleanse the skin and hair, allowing for the effective removal of dirt and oils. Additionally, it has conditioning properties that can enhance the texture and feel of both skin and hair, making them appear smoother and more manageable. Formulators may include SODIUM STEAROYL GLUTAMATE in their products to improve the overall sensory experience and performance, ensuring that formulations are effective while maintaining a pleasant application feel.

Xanthan Gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sugars by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It is primarily used as a thickening agent in cosmetic formulations, helping to improve the texture and viscosity of products. Formulators may add Xanthan Gum to enhance the stability of emulsions, prevent separation of ingredients, and create a desirable consistency in creams, gels, and lotions. Its ability to form a gel-like structure also contributes to a smooth application and feel on the skin.

ALOE BARBADENSIS LEAF JUICE POWDER is derived from the leaves of the aloe vera plant and is commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its skin-conditioning properties. This ingredient is known for its ability to hydrate and soothe the skin, making it a popular choice in products aimed at improving skin texture and comfort. Formulators may add this ingredient to enhance the overall feel of a product, providing a refreshing and calming effect that can benefit a variety of skin types.

CITRIC ACID is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for its buffering, chelating, and fragrance properties. As a buffering agent, it helps to maintain the pH balance of formulations, which is essential for the stability and effectiveness of various cosmetic products. Its chelating function allows it to bind metal ions, which can enhance the overall performance and longevity of the formulation by preventing the degradation of other ingredients. Additionally, CITRIC ACID can contribute to the fragrance profile of a product, adding to the sensory experience of the user. Formulators may include CITRIC ACID to improve product stability and enhance the overall user experience.

CURCUMA LONGA ROOT EXTRACT, commonly known as turmeric extract, is derived from the root of the Curcuma longa plant. This ingredient is often used in cosmetics primarily for its fragrance and perfuming properties, contributing a warm, earthy scent to formulations. Formulators may add it not only for its aromatic qualities but also for its potential to enhance the overall sensory experience of a product. Additionally, its natural origin makes it appealing in formulations aimed at consumers seeking more botanical ingredients.

SODIUM LEVULINATE is a sodium salt derived from levulinic acid, commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its skin-conditioning properties. It serves as a multifunctional ingredient that can help improve the overall feel and appearance of the skin by providing moisture and enhancing the skin's barrier function. Formulators may add SODIUM LEVULINATE to products to enhance their efficacy and sensory attributes, making them more appealing to consumers. Additionally, it can act as a preservative booster, helping to stabilize formulations and extend shelf life.

HEXAPEPTIDE-11 is a synthetic peptide that serves primarily as a skin-conditioning agent in cosmetic formulations. Peptides are short chains of amino acids that can play a role in signaling within the skin, potentially promoting various skin functions. Formulators may include HEXAPEPTIDE-11 in products to enhance skin hydration, improve texture, and support overall skin health by mimicking natural processes in the skin. Its inclusion can contribute to a more youthful appearance and improve the feel of the product on the skin.

Potassium Sorbate is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to inhibit the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria, thereby extending the shelf life of formulations. Formulators often add Potassium Sorbate to ensure the stability and safety of their products, particularly those that contain water, as these are more susceptible to microbial contamination. Its effectiveness and relatively low toxicity make it a popular choice in a variety of cosmetic applications.

Tocopherol, commonly known as Vitamin E or Alpha Tocopherol, is a fat-soluble antioxidant that plays a crucial role in protecting skin cells from oxidative stress caused by free radicals. Its antioxidant properties help to stabilize and preserve the integrity of cosmetic formulations, thereby enhancing their shelf life and effectiveness. Formulators often include Tocopherol in products to provide additional skin benefits, such as moisturizing and soothing properties, making it a popular choice in skincare and cosmetic products.

Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the body known for its remarkable ability to retain moisture. As a humectant, it attracts and binds water to the skin, helping to maintain hydration and improve the skin's overall texture and appearance. Formulators often include Sodium Hyaluronate in cosmetic products to enhance moisture levels, promote a plump and youthful look, and provide a smooth application experience. Its lightweight nature allows for easy absorption, making it a popular choice in various skincare formulations.

CITRUS NOBILIS PEEL OIL, commonly known as mandarin orange peel oil, is derived from the peel of the Citrus nobilis fruit. This essential oil is primarily used in cosmetics for its fragrant properties, providing a fresh and uplifting scent to formulations. Additionally, it serves as a skin-conditioning agent, helping to enhance the skin's texture and moisture levels. Formulators may add this ingredient not only for its aromatic benefits but also for its potential tonic effects, which can contribute to a refreshing and invigorating experience in cosmetic products.

CITRUS AURANTIUM BERGAMIA PEEL OIL is primarily used in cosmetics for its functions as a fragrance and for perfuming. This ingredient contributes a pleasant scent to formulations, enhancing the overall sensory experience of the product. Formulators may add CITRUS AURANTIUM BERGAMIA PEEL OIL to create appealing fragrances that can improve user satisfaction and encourage product use. However, it is important to note that this ingredient is subject to certain restrictions due to its classification as a fragrance, which may limit its use in specific applications.

SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE is a synthetic compound commonly used as a preservative in cosmetic formulations. Its primary function is to inhibit the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold, thereby extending the shelf life of products and ensuring their safety for consumer use. Formulators may choose to add SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE due to its effectiveness at low concentrations and its ability to work in a variety of pH levels, making it a versatile option for preserving a wide range of cosmetic products.

HELIANTHUS ANNUUS SEED OIL, commonly known as sunflower seed oil, is a natural oil extracted from the seeds of the sunflower plant. It serves multiple cosmetic functions, primarily as a skin-conditioning agent. Its emollient properties help to soften and smooth the skin, making it a popular choice in formulations aimed at improving skin texture. Additionally, it acts as a solvent, aiding in the dissolution of other ingredients, and provides occlusive benefits by forming a barrier on the skin to help retain moisture.

LEUCONOSTOC/RADISH ROOT FERMENT FILTRATE is a natural ferment derived from the fermentation of radish roots by the Leuconostoc bacteria. This ingredient is primarily known for its antimicrobial properties, which can help inhibit the growth of unwanted bacteria on the skin, making it beneficial for maintaining a balanced skin microbiome. Additionally, it exhibits anti-seborrheic effects, which can assist in regulating excess oil production, potentially aiding in the management of oily skin types. Formulators may incorporate this ingredient to enhance the overall stability and efficacy of cosmetic products, while also appealing to consumers seeking natural and fermented ingredients in their skincare routines.

SODIUM BENZOATE is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for its properties as an anticorrosive, fragrance, and preservative. As an anticorrosive, it helps to prevent the degradation of products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, which is essential for maintaining product integrity and extending shelf life. Additionally, it can serve as a fragrance component, contributing to the overall scent profile of a formulation. Formulators may add SODIUM BENZOATE to ensure that products remain stable and effective over time, while also enhancing the sensory experience for the user.

LIMONENE is a compound commonly used in cosmetics primarily for its functions as a deodorant, solvent, and perfuming agent. As a deodorant, it helps to mask or neutralize unpleasant odors, making it a valuable addition to personal care products. Its solvent properties allow it to dissolve other ingredients, facilitating the formulation process and enhancing the overall texture of the product. Additionally, LIMONENE is often included for its pleasant citrus scent, contributing to the fragrance profile of various formulations. However, it is important to note that LIMONENE is subject to certain restrictions in cosmetic use, as indicated by its risk flags and references to regulatory guidelines.

LINALOOL is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in many flowers and spice plants. It is primarily used in cosmetics for its deodorant and perfuming properties, providing a pleasant fragrance and enhancing the overall sensory experience of a product. Formulators may add LINALOOL to create appealing scents or to mask undesirable odors, making it a popular choice in various personal care formulations. However, it is important to note that LINALOOL is subject to certain restrictions in cosmetic use, as indicated by its classification as a cosing-restricted ingredient.

GERANIOL is a naturally occurring alcohol found in various essential oils, particularly in rose and geranium oils. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its perfuming properties, imparting a pleasant floral scent to products. Additionally, GERANIOL has tonic properties, which may contribute to the overall sensory experience of a formulation. Formulators may add GERANIOL not only for its fragrance but also to enhance the product's appeal and provide a refreshing quality. However, it is important to note that GERANIOL is subject to certain restrictions in cosmetic formulations, as indicated by its classification as a 'cosing-restricted' ingredient.