No7 Radiance+ 15% Vitamin C Face Serum

SODIUM CITRATE is a sodium salt of citric acid, commonly used in cosmetics for its multifunctional properties. It primarily serves as a buffering agent, helping to maintain the pH balance of formulations, which is crucial for product stability and skin compatibility. Additionally, it acts as a chelating agent, binding to metal ions that can affect the efficacy and stability of other ingredients, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the product. Furthermore, SODIUM CITRATE may contribute to the fragrance profile of formulations, although it is important to note that it can also be associated with fragrance-related risk flags.

Sodium Hydroxide is a highly alkaline compound commonly used in cosmetics primarily as a pH adjuster. It helps to modify the acidity or alkalinity of formulations, ensuring that products maintain a stable and effective pH level for skin compatibility. Formulators may add Sodium Hydroxide to enhance the performance of other ingredients, improve product stability, and ensure that the overall formulation meets the desired specifications for safety and efficacy.

POLYSORBATE 20 is a non-ionic surfactant commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its emulsifying and cleansing properties. It helps to blend oil and water-based ingredients, allowing for a stable and uniform product texture. Additionally, as a cleansing agent, it aids in the removal of dirt and impurities from the skin. Formulators may add POLYSORBATE 20 to enhance the overall feel and performance of a product, ensuring that it effectively delivers its intended benefits while maintaining a pleasant application experience.

Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the body known for its remarkable ability to retain moisture. As a humectant, it attracts and binds water to the skin, helping to maintain hydration and improve the skin's overall texture and appearance. Formulators often include Sodium Hyaluronate in cosmetic products to enhance moisture levels, promote a plump and youthful look, and provide a smooth application experience. Its lightweight nature allows for easy absorption, making it a popular choice in various skincare formulations.

ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its deodorant and skin-conditioning properties. As a deodorant, it helps to reduce body odor by inhibiting the growth of odor-causing bacteria, making it a valuable addition to personal care products. Additionally, its skin-conditioning function allows it to enhance the skin's feel and appearance, contributing to a smoother and more hydrated surface. Formulators may include ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN to improve the overall sensory experience of a product while also providing functional benefits that support skin health.

BENZYL ALCOHOL is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetics. Its primary functions include acting as a preservative, which helps to prevent microbial growth and extend the shelf life of products. Additionally, it serves as a solvent, aiding in the dissolution of other ingredients, and as a viscosity-controlling agent, which can help to achieve the desired thickness or flow of a formulation. Furthermore, BENZYL ALCOHOL is utilized for its perfuming properties, contributing to the fragrance profile of cosmetic products. Formulators may add this ingredient to enhance product stability, improve texture, and provide a pleasant scent, making it a versatile component in various formulations.

ALLANTOIN is a cosmetic ingredient known for its functions as a skin-conditioning agent, skin-protecting agent, and soothing agent. As a skin-conditioning agent, it helps to improve the appearance and feel of the skin by enhancing moisture retention and overall skin texture. Its skin-protecting properties may contribute to maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier, while its soothing function can help to alleviate discomfort and promote a sense of calmness on the skin. Formulators may add ALLANTOIN to products to leverage these beneficial properties, enhancing the overall user experience and effectiveness of the formulation.

POLYACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER-6 is a synthetic polymer commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its emulsion-stabilizing and viscosity-controlling properties. It helps to maintain the stability of emulsions, ensuring that oil and water components do not separate, which is crucial for the texture and performance of creams and lotions. Additionally, it contributes to the desired thickness of products, enhancing the overall sensory experience during application. Formulators may add POLYACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER-6 to improve product stability and consistency, making it a valuable ingredient in a variety of cosmetic formulations.

Xanthan Gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sugars by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It is primarily used as a thickening agent in cosmetic formulations, helping to improve the texture and viscosity of products. Formulators may add Xanthan Gum to enhance the stability of emulsions, prevent separation of ingredients, and create a desirable consistency in creams, gels, and lotions. Its ability to form a gel-like structure also contributes to a smooth application and feel on the skin.

PEG-40 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL is a synthetic ingredient derived from castor oil, commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its surfactant and emulsifying properties. It helps to blend oil and water-based ingredients, enhancing the texture and stability of products. Additionally, it acts as a cleansing agent, assisting in the removal of dirt and impurities from the skin. Formulators may add PEG-40 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL to improve the overall performance and feel of a product, ensuring a smooth application and effective cleansing action.

CITRIC ACID is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for its buffering, chelating, and fragrance properties. As a buffering agent, it helps to maintain the pH balance of formulations, which is essential for the stability and effectiveness of various cosmetic products. Its chelating function allows it to bind metal ions, which can enhance the overall performance and longevity of the formulation by preventing the degradation of other ingredients. Additionally, CITRIC ACID can contribute to the fragrance profile of a product, adding to the sensory experience of the user. Formulators may include CITRIC ACID to improve product stability and enhance the overall user experience.

TETRASODIUM EDTA is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetic formulations. Its primary function is to bind metal ions, which can help to prevent these ions from interacting with other ingredients in the formulation. This is particularly important in products where metal ions might cause instability or undesirable reactions, thereby enhancing the overall efficacy and stability of the product. Formulators may add TETRASODIUM EDTA to improve the longevity and performance of their formulations by minimizing the effects of hard water and other impurities that could compromise the product's integrity.

LIMONENE is a compound commonly used in cosmetics primarily for its functions as a deodorant, solvent, and perfuming agent. As a deodorant, it helps to mask or neutralize unpleasant odors, making it a valuable addition to personal care products. Its solvent properties allow it to dissolve other ingredients, facilitating the formulation process and enhancing the overall texture of the product. Additionally, LIMONENE is often included for its pleasant citrus scent, contributing to the fragrance profile of various formulations. However, it is important to note that LIMONENE is subject to certain restrictions in cosmetic use, as indicated by its risk flags and references to regulatory guidelines.

DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL is a versatile ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for its functions as a solvent, fragrance component, and viscosity-controlling agent. It helps to dissolve other ingredients, ensuring a uniform formulation, and is often included to enhance the overall sensory experience of a product through its perfuming properties. Formulators may add DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL to improve the texture and stability of formulations, as well as to enhance the delivery of fragrances, creating a more appealing product for consumers.

LINALOOL is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in many flowers and spice plants. It is primarily used in cosmetics for its deodorant and perfuming properties, providing a pleasant fragrance and enhancing the overall sensory experience of a product. Formulators may add LINALOOL to create appealing scents or to mask undesirable odors, making it a popular choice in various personal care formulations. However, it is important to note that LINALOOL is subject to certain restrictions in cosmetic use, as indicated by its classification as a cosing-restricted ingredient.

Fragrance, also known as Parfum or Aroma, is a complex mixture of aromatic compounds used in cosmetics to impart a pleasant scent. Its primary function is to enhance the sensory experience of a product, making it more appealing to consumers. Formulators may add Fragrance to mask the natural odors of other ingredients or to create a signature scent that differentiates a product in the market. However, it's important to note that Fragrance can be a potential irritant for some individuals, which is a consideration for formulators when developing products.

T-BUTYL ALCOHOL is a versatile ingredient commonly used in cosmetic formulations primarily as a denaturant, solvent, and perfuming agent. As a denaturant, it alters the properties of alcohols to make them unsuitable for consumption, while still allowing them to be used in cosmetic products. Its solvent properties enable it to dissolve other ingredients, facilitating the even distribution of actives and enhancing the overall texture of the formulation. Additionally, T-BUTYL ALCOHOL can contribute to the fragrance profile of a product, providing a pleasant scent that enhances the user experience. Formulators may add this ingredient to improve product stability and performance, ensuring that the final product meets desired sensory and functional attributes.